Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb ntawm Kev Xaiv thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Cov Teeb Meem Cuam Tshuam ntawm Surge Protector

Tus tiv thaiv hluav taws xob yog tus tiv thaiv hluav taws xob ua haujlwm siab, thaum nws tiv taus lub zog hluav taws xob siab, lub zog siab, ceev (10-9s) los ntawm lub zog siab thawj mus rau lub zog qis, thiab lub zog hluav taws xob cuam tshuam lub zog hloov pauv mus rau lub zog hluav taws xob uas tau teem tseg, yog li kom tiv thaiv cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv rhiab heev ntawm kev puas tsuaj, ua haujlwm hluav taws xob yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam.

(1) Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tau muab faib ua peb theem
Qib thawj zaug tuaj yeem tso tawm cov hluav taws xob ncaj qha lossis lub zog loj heev uas xa tawm thaum txoj kab hluav taws xob raug hluav taws xob ntaus ncaj qha. Kev tiv thaiv theem thawj zaug yuav tsum yog lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv hluav taws xob peb-theem, thiab nws cov hluav taws xob yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 60kA. Feem ntau siv rau kev faib tawm dav dav.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm theem ob yog kom txwv ntxiv qhov nqi ntawm qhov hluav taws xob seem los ntawm thawj theem xob laim arrester rau 1500-2000v, thiab siv kev sib txuas equipotential rau lpz1-lpz2. Thaum lub zog xob laim arrester tso tawm los ntawm kab ntawm lub txee faib khoom siv ua kev tiv thaiv theem ob, lub zog txwv hluav taws xob arrester yuav tsum siv, thiab nws lub peev xwm hluav taws xob tam sim no yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 20KA.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm theem peb yog los tiv thaiv cov khoom siv thiab txo qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov hluav taws xob seem kom tsawg dua 1000V. Raws li kev tiv thaiv theem peb, nws yuav tsum yog series voltage limiting power lightning arrester, thiab nws lub peev xwm tam sim no yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 10kA. Feem ntau siv rau cov khoom siv faib hluav taws xob kawg.
Cov kab ke faib khoom sib txawv yuav tsum xaiv cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kev co, uas tuaj yeem faib ua TN (TN-S, NC, TN-CS), nws thiab TT.

1) Kev tiv thaiv thawj zaug
Lub hom phiaj yog los tiv thaiv qhov hluav taws xob surge los ntawm kev ncaj qha los ntawm thaj chaw lpz0 mus rau thaj chaw lpz1, thiab txwv qhov hluav taws xob surge ntawm kaum tawm txhiab mus rau ntau pua txhiab volts rau 2500-3000v.
Thaum siv lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv xob laim uas ntsia rau ntawm sab qis-voltage ntawm lub tshuab hloov hluav taws xob hauv tsev ua thawj qib kev tiv thaiv, nws yuav tsum yog peb-theem voltage switching power lightning arrester, thiab nws cov hluav taws xob flux yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 60kA. Qib no ntawm lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv xob laim yuav tsum yog lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv xob laim muaj peev xwm siab txuas ntawm txhua theem ntawm kab nkag ntawm qhov nkag ntawm tus neeg siv lub zog muab hluav taws xob thiab lub ntiaj teb. Xib Fwb Di ntawm kev qhia online ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob feem ntau yuav tsum tau tias qib no ntawm lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv xob laim muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam ntau dua 100kA ib theem thiab qhov voltage txwv xav tau tsawg dua 1500V, uas hu ua classi level power lightning arrester. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv xob laim electromagnetic no tau tsim los tiv taus cov hluav taws xob loj thiab xob laim induced thiab nyiam cov hluav taws xob siab, uas tuaj yeem hloov cov hluav taws xob ntau mus rau lub ntiaj teb. Lawv tsuas yog muab qhov txwv voltage (thaum lub zog tam sim no ntws los ntawm lub zog xob laim ntes, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kab hu ua qhov txwv voltage) ua qhov kev tiv thaiv theem nrab, vim tias qhov kev tiv thaiv theem classi feem ntau nqus cov tam sim no loj, thiab lawv ib leeg tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rhiab heev hauv lub zog hluav taws xob.

Lub tshuab ntes xob laim theem ib tuaj yeem tiv thaiv nthwv dej xob laim 10 / 350us thiab 100kA, ncav cuag tus qauv tiv thaiv siab tshaj plaws uas tau teev tseg los ntawm IEC.
Cov lus qhia txog kev siv tshuab yog: lub zog xob laim ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 100kA (10 / 350us); Tus nqi hluav taws xob seem yuav tsum tsis pub ntau dua 2.5KV; Lub sijhawm teb tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 100ns.
2) Kev tiv thaiv theem ob
Lub hom phiaj yog txwv ntxiv qhov nqi ntawm qhov hluav taws xob seem los ntawm thawj theem xob laim arrester rau 1500-2000v, thiab siv kev sib txuas equipotential rau lpz1-lpz2.
Thaum lub hwj chim xob laim tawm ntawm kab ntawm lub txee faib khoom siv ua kev tiv thaiv theem ob, lub hwj chim txwv hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau teeb tsa ntawm qhov chaw faib khoom xa hluav taws xob rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem ceeb lossis rhiab heev, thiab nws lub peev xwm hluav taws xob tam sim no yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 20KA. Mr. Di, kev qhia online ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob, cov hwj chim xob laim no tuaj yeem nqus tau lub zog hluav taws xob seem uas dhau los ntawm lub hwj chim hluav taws xob ntawm tus neeg siv lub qhov hluav taws xob, thiab muaj cov nyhuv inhibitory zoo heev rau kev overvoltage transient.

Lub peev xwm siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob siv ntawm no yuav tsum ntau dua 45kA ib theem, thiab qhov hluav taws xob txwv tsis pub tshaj 1200V, uas hu ua ClassII fais fab xob laim. Feem ntau, yog tias tus neeg siv lub zog hluav taws xob ua tiav qib thib ob kev tiv thaiv, nws tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Chav Kawm C tus tiv thaiv tau txais yuav rau chav kawm II fais fab mov xob laim arrester rau kev tiv thaiv hom puv ntawm theem-I, theem-I thiab theem-I, thiab cov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb yog: lub peev xwm tam sim no xob laim ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 40ka (8 / 20us); Tus nqi siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov hluav taws xob seem yuav tsum tsis pub ntau dua 1000V; Lub sijhawm teb yuav tsum tsis pub ntau dua 25ns.

3) Kev tiv thaiv theem peb
Lub hom phiaj yog thaum kawg tiv thaiv cov khoom siv los ntawm kev txo qhov hluav taws xob seem kom tsawg dua 1000V, yog li ntawd lub zog surge yuav ua rau cov khoom siv puas tsuaj.
Thaum lub hwj chim xob laim uas tau teeb tsa rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm AC fais fab mov ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv ua kev tiv thaiv theem peb, nws yuav tsum yog series voltage limiting power lightning arrester, thiab nws lub peev xwm tam sim no yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 10kA.
Thaum kawg, lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv xob laim uas ua los ntawm lub zog fais fab tuaj yeem siv rau hauv lub zog sab hauv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kom tshem tawm tag nrho cov hluav taws xob me me uas dhau mus. Mr. Di, kev qhia online ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob, lub peev xwm cuam tshuam siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv xob laim siv ntawm no yuav tsum yog 20KA ib theem lossis qis dua, thiab qhov hluav taws xob txwv tsis pub dhau 1000V. Rau qee cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem ceeb lossis rhiab heev, nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom muaj kev tiv thaiv theem peb, thiab nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm qhov hluav taws xob dhau mus uas tsim tawm hauv lub kaw lus. Rau lub zog rectifier siv rau cov khoom siv sib txuas lus microwave, cov khoom siv sib txuas lus hauv chaw nres tsheb mobile thiab cov khoom siv radar, DC fais fab mov tiv thaiv xob laim nrog lub zog ua haujlwm tsim nyog yuav tsum tau xaiv ua kev tiv thaiv tsis yog theem raws li kev xav tau kev tiv thaiv ntawm lawv lub zog ua haujlwm.

4) Raws li qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv
Yog tias qhov kev tiv thaiv xob laim ob theem tuaj yeem txwv qhov hluav taws xob qis dua qib hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv, tsuas yog xav tau kev tiv thaiv ob theem xwb. Yog tias qib hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv qis, yuav tsum muaj plaub lossis ntau dua qib kev tiv thaiv. Lub peev xwm tam sim no ntawm kev tiv thaiv theem plaub yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 5ka.
(2) Vim li cas thiaj yuav tsum muaj lub fuse thiab lub circuit breaker nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub surge protector?
Thaum cov hluav taws xob nkag los ntawm lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv hluav taws xob ntau dua li nws qhov IMAX, lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv hluav taws xob yuav tawg thiab ua tsis tau haujlwm, ua rau muaj qhov txhaum luv luv ntawm lub voj voog. Yuav kom txiav qhov txhaum luv luv, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los nruab lub tshuab hluav taws xob lossis lub fuse. Mr. Di, kev qhia online ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob, txhua qhov xob laim yuav ua rau lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv hluav taws xob laus. Piv txwv li, yog tias qhov tam sim no muaj nyob ntev, lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv hluav taws xob yuav kub dhau thiab ua kom qhov kev laus sai dua. Lub sijhawm no, lub kaw lus tiv thaiv thermal ntawm lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv hluav taws xob lossis lub fuse yuav tsum ua haujlwm los txiav lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv hluav taws xob ua ntej lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv hluav taws xob mus txog qhov kub siab tshaj plaws.

Cov kev cai ntawm tus tiv thaiv hluav taws xob rau lub fuse thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob tawg: thaum 20 tus qauv 8/20 microsecond thiab 1.2/50 microsecond test pulses raug siv nyob rau hauv qhov ntsuas tam sim no, lub tshuab hluav taws xob tawg lossis fuse yuav tsis trip. Thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob tawg thiab luv luv, lub tshuab hluav taws xob tawg lossis fuse yuav tsum ua haujlwm. Yog tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob tawg yog lub module hloov, vim nws hom kev puas tsuaj yog qhib circuit, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau yam tsis muaj lub tshuab hluav taws xob tawg me me thiab fuse.
Ob qho tib si fuse thiab circuit breaker tuaj yeem siv ua kev tiv thaiv zoo dua ntawm kev tiv thaiv surge. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm fuse; Lub fuse muaj ob txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv ntawm kev ncua sijhawm ntev thiab tam sim ntawd nrog cov yam ntxwv txwv sijhawm rov qab. Mr. Di, kev qhia online ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob, yog siv ua kev tiv thaiv overload thiab luv luv-circuit feem, uas yog, qhov txuas fuse yuav tsum tau hloov tom qab ua txhaum fusing. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm circuit breaker: lub circuit breaker muaj kev tiv thaiv tam sim ntawd thiab kev tiv thaiv thermal overload. Tom qab qhov txhaum disconnection, nws tuaj yeem rov pib dua manually yam tsis tau hloov cov khoom.
Saib qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab nkag: Yuav tsum xaiv 440V surge protector rau peb-theem 280v tsib xaim system lossis peb-theem 380V plaub xaim system. Yuav tsum xaiv 220V surge protector rau ib-theem 220V ob-xaim system lossis ib-theem 220V peb xaim system. Tsis tas li ntawd, nco ntsoov: qib kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus surge protector xaiv yog theem 2 rau peb-theem 280v ntawm kab nkag ntawm lub tsev nyob; Qib 3 rau ib-theem 220V.
Tom qab cov kab TN-CS nkag mus rau hauv lub thawv faib khoom dav dav ntawm lub tsev, cov kab cwj mem raug muab faib ua N kab thiab PE kab. Tsuas yog tsim nyog rau kev teeb tsa cov tiv thaiv hluav taws xob ntawm cov kab theem I thiab cov kab cwj mem.
Lub qhov hloov nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub tshuab tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem xaiv lub fuse thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob tawg. Feem ntau, yuav tsum xaiv 40 ~ 63A rau IMAX > 40ka thiab yuav tsum xaiv 20 ~ 32A rau IMAX < 40ka.

(3) Puas yog tus tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thiab tus tiv thaiv xob laim tib yam?
Txawm hais tias ob qho tib si surge protector thiab lightning arrester muaj lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv overvoltage, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xob laim overvoltage, lawv tseem muaj ntau qhov sib txawv hauv daim ntawv thov.
1) Cov cuab yeej ntes hluav taws xob muaj ntau qib hluav taws xob, xws li 0.38kv hluav taws xob qis mus rau 500kV UHV, thaum cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hluav taws xob feem ntau tsuas yog muaj cov khoom hluav taws xob qis;

2) Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv xob laim feem ntau raug ntsia rau ntawm lub kaw lus tseem ceeb kom tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ncaj qha ntawm nthwv dej xob laim, thaum cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv hluav taws xob feem ntau raug ntsia rau ntawm lub kaw lus thib ob, uas yog kev ntsuas ntxiv tom qab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv xob laim tshem tawm kev nkag mus ncaj qha ntawm nthwv dej xob laim lossis thaum cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv xob laim tsis tshem tawm nthwv dej xob laim;

3) Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv xob laim yog siv los tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv hluav taws xob feem ntau yog siv los tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob lossis cov 'meter';
4) Vim tias tus arrester txuas nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob thawj zaug, nws yuav tsum muaj kev ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev sab nraud txaus thiab qhov loj me. Vim tias tus tiv thaiv surge txuas nrog lub zog qis, qhov loj me tuaj yeem me heev.